photoshop graphics editing techniques

HUI129: Computer-Aided Industrial Design Coursework

graphics editing techniques in photoshop

class 1: 9/10

class 2: 9/17

class 3: 9/24

graphics editing techniques in illustrator

class 4: 10/1

class 5: 10/8

rhinoceros 3.D. modeling and techniques

I: interface, toolbars, drawing in Rhino
II: precision modeling
III: editing geometry

graphics editing techniques in photoshop
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due 9/17:

how to crop and resize images

resize an image

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to begin, open the Resize.jpg image from the downloadable files folder.
first, investigate the current size of the image. ideally, the image size should be smaller than the target size of 900 pixels wide.
in the status bar located at the bottom of the document window, click and hold the document size information.

the document size window indicates a width of 1800 pixels. once the tutorial is complete, it should look like this:

to resize the image, select the Image menu in the toolbar, then select Image Size to open the Image Size dialogue box.

before continung, ensure that the link icon is engaged to lock the aspect ratio. then, make sure the unit of measurement is set to Pixels.

change the width of the image from 1800 pixels to the target width of 900 pixels. the height should change proportionately.

the Resolution of the image may remain untouched, as the photo is being resized for web (rather than for print) and is unconsequential for our use.

now that the image has been successfully resized, select Save As from the File option in the toolbar to rename the file in order to preserve the original image. once the file is renamed, click OK to save.

set the resolution

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to begin, open the Resolution.jpg image from the downloadable files folder.
image resolution is important when sizing an image for print, and can be accessed in the Image Size dialogue box.

the resolution of an image determines the number of pixels contained within a tangible unit of measurement, and its value varies depending on its intended use;

eg.

the width of the image is 1800
the height of the image is 1200

dividing each dimension by 100, we can deduce that the current image will print at 18x12in.

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when preparing an image for print, the unit of measurement should be set to Inches or some other arbitrary tangible unit of measurement.

ensure that the Resample box is unchecked to avoid altering the total number of pixels in the image.

the width and height of the image should change proportionately, and indicates the size at which the image will print.

now that the image has been successfully resized, it is ready to be saved and printed at a width and height of 6 by 4 inches, with 300 pixels per inch.

crop and straighten an image

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to begin, open the Crop_Straighten.jpg image from the downloadable files folder.
the crop tool is one of the most useful commands in adobe photoshop, allowing the user to trim unwanted portions from the image and straighten it to improve the composition.
locate and select the crop tool from the lefthand toolbar.

the crop box will appear around the image edge and can be transformed with these commands:

move

resize

rotate

before finalizing a crop, deselect the Delete Cropped Pixels checkbox to preserve the full image.

the rotate tool is one way to straighten an image.
another way is with the Straighten tool.

select the Straighten tool from the top toolbar, then drag along a straight surface and release.

once you’re happy with your crop, press ENTER to finalize it.

I used the rule of thirds to achieve this result as my final composition.

expand the canvas

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to begin, open the Expand_Canvas.jpg image from the downloadable files folder.
as opposed to Image Size, modifying the Canvas Size does not change the dimensions of the image itself, but adds space around the image.

click the Image option from the menu bar, then select Canvas Size to summon the Canvas Size dialogue box.

if for web use, change the unit of measurement to pixels.

click the Relative checkbox to enable it.

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the width and height dimensions should become 0.

rather than calculating the total desired New Size of our image, we can simply give the amount of space we wish to add.

replace the Width field with 400, then click OK to add 200 pixels to either side of the canvas. the result should look something like this.

if you wish to add space to a specific part of the canvas, rather than have it be evenly distributed, use the Anchor tool in the Canvas Size dialogue box.

you can also modify the Canvas extension color.

expand to the right

once the canvas has been expanded 800 pixels to the right, and the image is ready to be saved.

exercise from 2017 Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop Tutorial Article Change the Image Size. https://creativecloud.adobe.com/cc/learn/photoshop/web/image-resizing-basics.

photoshop layer basics

understand layers

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to begin, open the Understand_Layers.psd from the downloadable files folder.
layers act as a stack of transparent sheets containing seperate pieces of content, enabling the user to manipulate the content within them without disturbing the contents of the other layers.

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locate the Layers panel on the right hand toolbar.

it can also be summoned in the Windows option from the menu bar, or with F7.

click the eye icon to toggle the visibility of each layer.

then, hold the option key while clicking the eye icon to isolate the layer.

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select the layer you wish to manipulate by clicking it in the Layers panel.

then, use the Move tool to transform its contents.

holding shift while selecting layers will allow you to select and manipulate multiple layers at once.

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step 2

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learn layer basics

to begin, open the Layer_Basics.psd file from the downloadable files folder.
let’s explore a few of the most basic functions and commands of layers.

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to arrange the order in which the layers are stacked, select the layer you wish to move from the Layers panel.
then, drag it below the layer you wish for it to sit under.

step 1: select a layer

step 2: create a new layer

step 3: double-click the layer’s name

step 4: rename the layer

to change a layer’s opacity, select a layer you wish to modify, then drag the Opacity slider at the top of the Layers panel. you can also enter the desired value in the Opacity value field.

to delete a layer, select it from the Layers panel and press the delete key.

clicking the icon in the top right corner of the will reveal a series of options to modify your layers.

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to create a new layer, select the layer you wish for the new layer to appear stacked on top of, then click the Create a New Layer Icon at the bottom of the layers panel.

to name a layer, double click the layer’s name, then type the name you wish to use. hit the return key to finalize your changes.

step 1: paint in the new layer

step 2: click the opacity field

step 3: lower the opacity

step 4: select the layer

step 5: delete the layer

resize a layer

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to begin, open the Resize_Layer.psd file from the downloadable files folder.
there are a number of ways to resize layers in photoshop.

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select the layer you’d like to resize. then, select Free Transform from the Edit option in the menu bar. a border will encompass the contents of the layer.

to resize the layer, click and drag on any corner of the image, then realize to finalize the transformation.

press the shift key to constrain the aspect ratio of the layers as you perform the transformation so that they aren’t distorted.

you can also resize the contents of multiple layers at once by using the shift key to select them before transforming the layers.

step 1: select layer and free transform

step 2: transform

step 3: shift+ select multiple layers

repeat steps 1 & 2

add images to a layered design

to begin, open the Add_Images1.psd from the downloadable files folder.

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select the layer you wish the new layer containing your added image to stack on top of.

then, go to the File menu, and choose Place Imbedded...

navigate to the downladable files folder, then select the Add_Images2.jpg file. click Place.

the image will appear in its own layer with diagonal crossbars on top of it.

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this transformation can be performed at any time with the steps from the previous exercise in this module, resize a layer.

the resultant Smart Image will have a few constraints as to how you can modify them. Rasterize it to remove these contrainsts.

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holding the shift key to contrain the propotions, rescale the image by clicking on any of its corners and dragging.

move the image by clicking and dragging.

press the return key to finalize.

unlock the background layer

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to begin, open the Background_Layer.psd file from the downloadable files folder.
background layers have special properties that disallow some of the routine manipulations that are performed on a typical layer.

special background layers
> distinguishable by the lock icon next
to the title on the Layers panel
> constrained to the first layer of the
image
> attempting to rearrange or transform
yields no result
> can be converted into a regular layer by simply clicking the lock icon

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to set your own background layer, a layer with no transparent pixels on the firstmost layer in needed.

first, create a new layer.

then, move the layer to the bottom of the layers in the Layers panel.

then, press the F5 key to summon the Fill tool. click the Contents field, then select from the drop-down menu. click OK.

you can make a new background layer by clicking the Layer menu, then selectiing New..., then selecting Background from Layer.

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step 2

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exercise from 2017 Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop Tutorial Article Work with Layers. https://www.adobe.com/learn/photoshop/web/ps-layers-basics

enhance and improve image quality

adjust brightness and contrast

to begin, open the Brightness_Contrast1.jpg file from the downloadable files folder.

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select the Brightness/Contrast tool in from the Image menu to summon the dialogue box.

the Auto tool will make adjustments based on the program’s best judgment.

replace the values in the Brightness and Contrast fields with your desired adjustments.

the Preview tool allows you to toggle between the original image before finalizing your changes.

> click OK to finalize.

> when saving images with adjustments, remember to use Save
As to rename the file and avoid overwriting the original
image.

adjust color vibrance

to begin, open the Brightness_Contrast1.jpg file from the downloadable files folder.

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select the Vibrance tool in from the Image menu to summon the dialogue box.

replace the values in the Vibrance and Saturation fields with your desired adjustments.

click OK to finalize. use Save As to rename the image.

adjust hue and saturation

to begin, open the Brightness_Contrast1.jpg and Brightness_Contrast2.jpg files from the downloadable files folder.

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select the Hue/Saturation tool in from the Image menu to summon the dialogue box.

adjust the sliders so as to familiarize yourself with each of their functions.

this tool can also be used to isolate and adjust the values of specific colors in an image.

the hue slider adjusts the color of the image

the saturation slider adjusts the intensity of the colors

the lightness tool adjusts the values of the image

toggle the target color

make adjustments

select a target color

make adjustments

use this tool to select the target color based on a color you select from the image.

summon the Hue/Saturation adjusments window, then toggle the target color in the drop-down box.

learn about adjustment layers

to begin, open the Adjustment_Layers.psd files from the downloadable files folder.

click the adjustment layer icon

create a black/white adjustment layer

make adjustments

rearrange layers

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to create an adjustment layer, click the icon on the bottom of the Layers panel. select a type from the drop-down menu.

make adjustments at your discretion.

drag the adjustment layer to move it below the small bouquet layer.

exercise from 2017 Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop Tutorial Article Adjust the Image Quality. https://www.adobe.com/learn/photoshop/web/photo-enhancement-basics

due 9/24:

photoshop selection tool basics

make selections

to begin, open Selection_Basics.jpg from the practice files folder.

rectangular marquee selection tool

select part of the building

add to the selection

subtract from the selection

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click the Rectangular Marquee selection tool from the left-hand toolbar.

select the building in the image by dragging from one corner to another.

this option creates a selection.

this option adds to the existing selection.

this option subtracts from the existing selection.

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adjust the lightness of the selection.

to adjust the brightness of everything outside of the selection, inverse the selection by selecting Inverse from the Select menu.

deselect by selecting Deselect from the Select menu, or with D.

darken selection

inverse selection

darken inverted selection

deselect

learn how to use quick selection and lasso tools

to begin, open Selection_tools.jpg from the practice files folder.

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select the Quick Selection tool from the left-hand toolbar.

click and drag across the mannequin to make a selection.

after making the initial selection, the Quick Selection tool will default to Add to Selection mode.

use the key while making a selection to toggle to Subtract to Selection mode and subtract it from the current selection.

select quick selection tool

select the mannequin

add to the selection

subtract from the selection

add to the selection

finalize selection

make adjustments

deselect

select the Lasso tool from the left-hand toolbar.

toggle to Add to Selection mode in the upper toolbar to avoid losing the current selection.

click and drag to make a selection, enclosing the selection before release.

make adjustments to the selection, then D to deselect.

fine-tune a selection

to begin, open Finetune_Selection.jpg from the practice files folder.

use the Quick Selection tool to select the garment.

select the Select and Mask... option from the Select menu.

toggle the View to get a better contrast to review the quality of the selection.

use the brushes to fine-tune the selection.

locate the Output To drop-down box in the bottom of the Properties panel. select Selection. click OK.

quick selection

select menu > select and mask

selection mask

click view

toggle view to red

fine-tune selection

output to selection

make adjustments

deselect

exercise from 2017 Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop Tutorial Article Make Selections. https://www.adobe.com/learn/photoshop/web/selection-tools-basics

retouch and remove objects from an image

remove small objects

to begin, open Delete_Content.jpg from the practice files folder.

spot healing tool

zoom in and set brush size

click spot

heal

continue to completion

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select the Spot Healing Tool from your left-hand toolbar.

the brush size can be adjusted in the left side of the upper toolbar, or with the [ and ] keys.

paint the elements you wish to remove.

rename the file and save it as a .psd, which is the best file format for projects you wish to return to.

add objects by cloning

to begin, open Add_Objects.jpg from the practice files folder.

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select the clone tool from the left-hand toolbar.

adjust the brush settings in the upper left-hand corner.

while holding the ⌥ key, click the part of the image you wish to reference.

click to paint a clone of the selected reference onto other areas of the image.

clone tool

select stamp reference

click to stamp

paint with flowers!

remove a large object

to begin, open Remove_Object.jpg from the practice files folder.

select object

fill...

content aware fill

deselect

correct with clone tool

perform a rough selection of the object you wish to remove.

select the Fill... option under the Edit menu to summon the Fill window.

in the Fill window, find the Contents drop-down selection and choose Content Aware.

use the clone tool to correct any resultant blurriness from the content-aware fill.

exercise from 2017 Adobe Creative Cloud Photoshop Tutorial Article Retouch Images. https://www.adobe.com/learn/photoshop/web/selection-tools-basics

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